Adventure-Crew.com

Kolob Canyons Visitor Center is open 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. daily with longer hours in the summer and closed December 25. Exhibits in the visitor’s center explain the geology of the Zion National Park. Rangers are available to answer questions and issue back-country permits. Books, maps, and film are available. There are three hiking trails accessible from the Kolob Visitor center. Contact the visitor center at: 435-586-9548. 

Zion Human History Museum & Visitor Centers are open from 9:00am to 5:00pm. Hours are extended in the summer and they are closed December 25.  The museum is a regular stop on the Zion Canyon Shuttle System from late March till the end of October.  Permanent exhibits display the rich human history of Zion National Park. Showcasing American-Indian culture, historic pioneer settlement, and Zion’s growth as a national park, the Human History Museum also illustrates the effects of water in Zion.  A free 22 minute video demonstration on Zion National Park is available for viewing every half hour; Rangers are also available for questions.  The Zion Human History Museum can be reached at: 435-772-3256.

The south entrance of the Zion Canyon Visitor Center is open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. daily with longer hours in summer and closed December 25. Exhibits explain the natural and cultural history of the area. Rangers are available to answer questions and issue backcountry permits. Books, maps, and film are available. This is the beginning of the Park loop of the Zion Canyon Shuttle. Topographic maps and guidebooks are available from the Zion Natural History Association bookstores in both visitor centers. They may be purchased in advance through the mail. Both visitor centers and Zion Lodge are fully accessible to those with special needs. Several campsites are reserved for people with disabilities and two trails are accessible.

Park Rangers are available to guide your adventure through Zion National Park.  Topics include: animals, geology, plants, human history, and more. Programs include “Ride with a Ranger” shuttle tours, guided hikes, daytime talks and evening programs at Watchman Campground and Zion Lodge, all for free!  Check the weekly schedules posted at visitor centers, and bulletin boards throughout the park, for times, place, and subjects.

The first evidence of human use in this region dates to about 7,000 years ago when small groups hunted game and collected wild plants, seeds, and nuts across the broad expanse of the Great Basin and western Colorado Plateau.  About 2000 years ago, some groups began growing corn and other crops. They built permanent villages (often called ”pueblos”). Between A. D. 900-1200, two distinctive puebloan farming cultures were here: the Virgin Branch Anasazi and the Parowan Fremont.  The Southern Paiute was also in the region by A. D. 1100.  While the Puebloan cultures migrated to other areas of the southwest by A.D. 1200, the Southern Paiute remains to the present day.

Initial explorations by traders from New Mexico blazed the Old Spanish Trail, which followed the Virgin River for a portion of its length.   During the next century, American fur trappers and government surveyors added new overland travel routes across the region.   In 1872, John Wesley Powell explored the areas around Zion Canyon, as part of western surveys conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey.  The early pack trails soon became well-used wagon roads, connecting Santa Fe to the California markets.

Mormon pioneers were sent to settle the southern part of the territory and grow cotton in Utah’s “Dixie”.  Towns like Shunesberg, Springdale, Grafton, Adventure, and Paradise sprang up along the upper Virgin River during the 1860s.  In 1863, Issac Behunin built the first log cabin in Zion Canyon, near the location of the Zion Lodge.  Soon the canyon was dotted with other homesteads, including that of William Crawford, near Oak Creek. During the remainder of the century, the small communities and homesteads struggled to survive.  Catastrophic flooding by the river, little arable land, and poor soils made agriculture in the upper Virgin River a risky venture.  Some of these settlements, including Shunesberg and Grafton, were ultimately abandoned for more favorable locations.

430 archeological sites occur throughout Zion National Park. In these protected settings, perishable artifacts, such as baskets, cordage nets, and yucca fiber sandals, survived.  The Archaic toolkits also included flaked stone knives, drills, and stemmed dart points.  The dart points were hafted to wooden shafts and propelled by throwing devices, called atlatls. These fragile resources provide important clues to the past. Because most sites can easily be damaged by human activities, only a few are designated as ”open” to public viewing. With your help, these sites will remain intact and available for future generations to learn from and enjoy.

Without the farsighted and creative spirit of the American entrepreneur, Bryce, Zion and the Grand Canyon might still be difficult to navigate, and impossible to travel by automobile. In 1927, the 1.1 mile long tunnel built to facilitate the Zion-Mt. Carmel highway and facilitate the connection of Bryce, Zion, and the Grand Canyons begun. It was finished in 1930 at a cost of $2,000,000. This stretch of highway is itself a tourist draw to the area and for a number of years upon its completion seemed to “steal the thunder” from the natural attraction of the canyons it was built to serve. Driving through its long gallery filled tunnel system gives unique glimpses of canyon structures and long drops.

By the first decade of the 20th century, the scenic qualities of southern Utah, and Zion Canyon in particular, had been recognized as a potential destination for tourism. Established in 1909 as Mukuntuweap National Monument, it became Zion National Park in 1919. Protected within the park’s 229 square miles is a dramatic landscape of sculptured canyons and soaring cliffs.

Zion National Park is a showcase of geology. Geologic processes have played an important role in shaping Zion. The arid climate and sparse vegetation allow the exposure of large expanses of bare rock and reveal the park’s geologic history. Zion was a relatively flat basin near sea level 240 million years ago. As sand, gravel, and mud eroded from surrounding mountains, streams carried these materials into the basin and deposited them in layers. The sheer weight of these accumulated layers caused the basin to sink, so that the top surface always remained near sea level. As the land rose and fell and as the climate changed, the depositional environment fluctuated from shallow seas to coastal plains to a desert of massive windblown sand. This process of sedimentation continued until over 10,000 feet of material accumulated above sea level!

Uplift is still occurring. In 1992 a magnitude 5.8 earthquake caused a landslide visible just outside the south entrance of the park in Springdale. This uplift gave the streams greater cutting force in their descent to the sea. Zion’s location on the western edge of this uplift caused the streams to tumble off the plateau, flowing rapidly down a steep gradient. A fast-moving stream carries more sediment and larger boulders than a slow-moving river. These streams began eroding and cutting into the rock layers, forming deep and narrow canyons. Since the uplift began, the North Fork of the Virgin River has carried away several thousand feet of rock that once lay above the highest layers visible today. The Virgin River is still excavating. Upstream from the Temple of Sinawava the river cuts through Navajo Sandstone, creating a slot canyon. At the Temple, the river has reached the softer Kayenta Formation below. Water erodes the shale, undermining the overlaying sandstone and causing it to collapse, widening the canyon.

A landslide once dammed the Virgin River forming a lake. Sediments settled out of the quiet waters, covering the lake bottom. When the river breached the dam and the lake drained, it left behind a flat-bottomed valley. This change in the character of the canyon can be seen from the scenic drive south of the Zion Lodge near the Sentinel Slide. This slide was active again in 1995, damaging the road.

Zion is located along the edge of a region called the Colorado Plateau. The rock layers have been uplifted, tilted, and eroded, forming a feature called the Grand Staircase, a series of colorful cliffs stretching between Bryce Canyon and the Grand Canyon. The bottom layer of rock at Bryce Canyon is the top layer at Zion, and the bottom layer at Zion is the top layer at the Grand Canyon. Zion Canyon is now the central partner of a trio of canyon systems that starts in Bryce Canyon and ends in the Grand Canyon, dropping an astonishing 8,000 feet in only 200 miles. The park’s lowest elevation point is 3,700 feet, and its highest point is 8,726 feet. The river that carves Zion Canyon drops an amazing 7,500 feet in a little over 150 miles.

Zion National Park has approximately 900 species of plants, 100 which are exotic. The richest plant diversity found in Utah, gives the park it’s variety of seasonal colors. Spring wildflowers bloom from April through June, peaking in May. Colors in Zion Canyon usually peak in late October; fall color in Zion usually begins with the aspens in Zion’s high country changing color in early to mid October. Next are the hardwoods of Zion’s east side, and finally the riparian trees at the bottom of Zion Canyon, which are the most impressive in terms of color, usually peaking in early November. Here one finds an overstay of golden cottonwoods covering a variety of deciduous trees that turn varying shades of red, yellow, and orange.

Zion National Park also offers a guided and self-guided Junior Ranger experience for the kids. Self-guided activity booklets are available year-round at the park visitor centers and the Zion Canyon Human History Museum. During the summer months, join the Junior Ranger Explorer program, a special discovery program designed just for kids ages 6 to 12.

There are 120 miles of different hiking trails to enjoy the scenery of Zion National Park. Hike through Zion Canyon on an easy, moderate, or strenuous trail. Permits are required for all through hikes of the Virgin River and tributaries, the Left Fork of North Creek (the Subway), Kolob Creek, and all canyons requiring the use of descending gear or ropes. Permits are issued at both visitor centers the day before, or the day of your hike.

Pa’rus Trail is an easy, 3.5 mile paved trail that follows the Virgin River from the South Campground to the Zion Canyon Junction. The Pa’rus Trail starts at the Zion Canyon Visitor Center and Canyon Junction, taking approximately 1.5 hours.

The Timber Creek Overlook trail starts at the Kolob Canyons picnic area. This easy, 1.0 mile, ½ hour trail follows ridge top to small peak which offer views of Timber Creek, Kolob Terrace, and the Pine Valley Mountains.

Two miles east of Kolob Canyons Visitor Center is the Taylor Creek trail. This moderate, 5.0 mile, 4 hour hiking trail has no drop-offs. The trail follows the Middle Fork of Taylor Creek past two homestead cabins in Double Arch Alcove.

The strenuous Kolob Arch trail beginning at Lee Pass is 14 miles, and approximately 8 hours long with no drop-offs. The trail follows Timber and LaVerkin Creeks, ending at the world’s largest arch!

The Weeping Rock trail is short, but steep. Hiking this 1/2 mile takes approximately a ½ hour and ends your journey at a rock alcove with dripping springs. Hanging gardens of wildflowers decorate the wall during the spring and summer.

The Riverside Walk is an easy trail, paved to accommodate strollers and wheel chairs. This one mile trail begins at the Temple of Sinawava Parking Area at the end of the Zion Canyon Scenic Drive, and takes about a 1 ½ hours to complete. This is a delightful walk during the late afternoon, or early summer evening. The Riverside Walk’s trail follows the pools and small rapids of the Virgin River up the dramatically-narrowing canyon. High cliffs and abundant springs offer a cool, moist environment where a diversity of plants and small animals live. In summer, many visitors stop and soak their feet in the cool river. Although you may see Mule deer and Wild turkeys on this trail, the most common animal you will encounter is the Rock squirrel. These squirrels are large gray rodents with bushy tails that may run to meet you on the trail. These animals have become aggressive because visitors feed them. Please help the park rangers by not feeding the wildlife.

Another easy trail is the Lower Emerald Pools, starting at the Zion Lodge. This 1.2 mile paved trail, takes 1 hour to bring you to a lower pool and small waterfalls. The lower and middle pools can be accessed on a moderate trail, with long drop-offs (please note: these are steep cliffs). The Middle Emerald Pools 2 mile trail takes approximately 2 hours.
East of the long tunnel, off of Zion Mt. Carmel Highway, the Canyon Overlook trail begins. This 1 mile, 1 hour moderate hike has long drop-offs, mostly fenced. The rocky uneven trail ends at a spectacular viewpoint of lower Zion Canyon and Pine Creek Canyon. Guide books are available at the visitor centers.

An early morning, or late afternoon hike is suggested on the Watchman trail. Starting at the Zion Canyon Visitor Center, this 2 mile, 2 hour hike with minor drop-offs, ends with a viewpoint of lower Zion Canyon, Oak Creek Canyon, and the town of Springdale.

Hidden Canyon, starting at Weeping Rock, is a moderate, 2 mile trail, taking approximately 3 hours, ending at the mouth of a narrow side canyon. This trail has long drop-offs, not recommended to people afraid of heights.

A more strenuous, narrow trail is offered at The Grotto via Angels Landing. Ending at the summit high above the Zion Canyon, this 5.0 mile trail takes 4 hours, and contains long drop-offs (not recommended to people afraid of heights). The last 0.5 miles follow a steep, narrow ridge; chains have been added for safety.

Beginning at Weeping Rock, Observation Point is a strenuous 8 mile trail, taking about 5 hours. Climbing through Echo Canyon, you will have an excellent view of Zion Canyon. The trail provides access to other East Rim plateau trails such as: Cable and Deertrap Mountains.

The Lowe West Rim to Cable Spring trail starts at The Grotto, with an alternate entrance at Lava Point (a trip to Lava Point should not be attempted in a one-day hike). This 10 mile, 8 hour hiking trail consists of long drop-offs as you climb to high-country view points of the canyon.

There are two ways to hike the Left Fork, also known as the Subway. Both routes require a permit. Both trips also involve extensive route finding. Visitors are encouraged to do the trip with experienced Subway hikers and/or obtain a detailed route description. The first hike begins and ends at the Left Fork Trailhead off of the Kolob Terrace Road. This is a strenuous 9 mile round trip hike requiring route finding, stream crossings, and scrambling over boulders. The route is often slippery. The second route begins at the Wildcat Canyon Trailhead and ends at the Left Fork Trailhead. This is a strenuous 9 and one half mile hike requiring rappel skills and 60 feet of rope or webbing. This route also requires swimming through several deep pools of very cold debris filled water. If you are coming to Zion to hike the Subway remember that it is a popular hike that is limited in numbers. Even if your permit is reserved the weather might prevent the trip once you are here. Therefore it is wise to have a back up plan so that you may still enjoy your visit to Zion should you be unable to go into the Left Fork.

The Zion Narrows is a wet hike and wade through the Virgin River. The Virgin River has carved a spectacular gorge in the upper reaches of Zion Canyon: 16 miles long, up to 2,000 feet deep and at times only 20-30 feet wide. Walking in the shadow of Zion Narrows soaring walls, sandstone grottos, natural springs, and hanging gardens can be an unforgettable wilderness experience; however, a trip not to be underestimated. At least 60% of the hike is spent wading, walking, and sometimes swimming in the stream. There is no maintained trail; the route is the river. The current is swift, the water is cold, and the rocks underfoot are slippery. Flash flooding and hypothermia are constant dangers because a flash flood increases water levels within minutes—even seconds. The Narrows are susceptible to flash flooding because much of the surrounding land is bare rock that does not absorb water. During storms, runoff water is funneled rapidly into the Narrows. Good planning, proper equipment, and sound judgment are essential for a safe and successful trip.

Walking the entire length of the Narrows can be a grueling experience. Under favorable conditions, the 16-mile route takes an average of 12 hours. Even for well-conditioned hikers, this makes for a long and strenuous day. Because the trailhead at Chamberlain’s Ranch is a 1½-hour drive from the Temple of Sinawava, either two vehicles or a shuttle is necessary. A backcountry permit is required.

Day-Hike from the Bottom and Back: the easiest way to experience the Narrows. Ride the shuttle to the Temple of Sinawava, walk one mile to the end of the paved Riverside Walk, and begin wading up the river. Almost immediately the views are breathtaking, and each bend of the river brings new delights. There is no formal destination, and you return the same way you came. Many hikers try to reach Orderville Canyon, a tributary creek approximately 2 hours upstream from the end of the paved trail. No permit is required for this day-hike. Travel upstream beyond Big Springs requires a permit.

Cross-country skiing and snow-shoeing are possible in the higher elevations of Zion National Park and in nearby Cedar Breaks National Monument. For information on routes, snow conditions, weather, and safety, check at the visitor centers. Snowmobiling is only allowed for residential access.

Climbing is allowed in certain areas. There are no sport climbing opportunities in Zion. Desert Rock by Eric Bjornstad and Rock Climbing Utah by Stewart M. Green are published climbing guides for Utah and the Colorado Plateau. They include routes in Zion National Park. Informal notebooks of route descriptions have traditionally been kept by climbers at the backcountry permits desk at the Zion Canyon Visitor Center. Climbers are welcome to look at these books at the permits office. There are two accessible bouldering areas in the main canyon. One is 40 yards west of the south entrance. This is a house sized boulder that poses a variety of options and problems. The other site is .5 mile north of the south entrance. Drilled Pocket Boulder is located on the west side of the road and is a slab with an obvious south facing crack.

Zion National Park is outfitted for bicycling! The shuttle buses are equipped with bike racks for those wishing to ride the bus only part of the way. Many cyclists enjoy riding the shuttle to the Temple of Sinawava and cycling back down. Bicycles are permitted only on established roads and the Pa’rus Trail. You can bike the Pa’rus trail from the lower canyon and connect to Zion Canyon Scenic Drive at Canyon Junction.

Swimming, wading, or bathing is prohibited in all pools in order to protect the aquatic wildlife and preserve this fragile area; however, swimming and wading are allowed in the Virgin River. Be aware of swift currents, cold water, flash floods, slippery rocks, and submerged logs and boulders. Wear shoes to protect your feet.

Most years the Virgin River is too shallow for boating. It can be navigable after a wet winter but only during peak run off; a period lasting approximately two weeks usually sometime in May. A permit is required for boating trips through the Narrows. Permits are free and can be obtained at the backcountry desk at the Zion Canyon Visitor Center.

Horses have traditionally been used to explore Zion’s rugged terrain. Early modes of transportation consisted solely of horses and mules. Stock animals currently allowed in the backcountry are horses, mules, and burros. Permits are not required for day trips. Stock may be used in these areas: Trails La Verkin Creek, Hop Valley Wildcat Canyon, West Rim (above Cabin Springs), and East Rim (above rim, includes Cable Mountain and Deertrap trails), and Sandbench (November through February only). Off-trail areas are Coalpits Wash, Huber Wash, Scoggins Wash, and Crater Hill.

Wildfire is one of the most powerful and creative natural processes on our planet. Plants and animals have evolved with, and many depend on, the role fire plays in creating a diversity of habitats. In the past, natural fires swept through plant communities at intervals that provided conditions for many plant species to regenerate. Wildfire thins competing species, recycles nutrients into the soil and opens holes in the forest canopy for sunlight to enter. All of these are critical to forest health and natural cycles of growth and decomposition. Wildfires also benefit many animal species. With the increased forage that results after a fire, many animals low on the food chain experience increases in their populations; therefore species above them on the food chain also benefit.

Despite the evidence that fire is a necessary element in many forest ecosystems, over most of the past century people have feared and suppressed it whenever possible. Especially in the western United States, the accumulation of dead forest fuels during that time now presents extreme hazards to the health of the trees, soil, wildlife, to humans living in these areas, and to the taxpayer who has to fund the fighting of catastrophic wildfires.

Over the last 150 years people at Zion have logged, grazed, farmed, lived on the land and suppressed fires. Each activity had its own impact and these impacts can still be seen today. Since this land became a National Park, our needs and priorities for it have changed. We have learned a great deal about the long term impacts of our practices in the past and are trying to reduce them wherever possible. The Zion Fire Management Program views the wise use of fire as an important tool in the effort to reduce the impacts and restore balance to our ecosystems.

The Fire and Aviation Management Program in Zion National Park encompasses a wide variety of disciplines, all striving to apply scientifically-based research to the aspects of how wildland fire is managed in the park. The Zion Fire Management staff includes firefighters, fire monitors, program assistants, fire effects specialists, a fuels treatment crew, a helicopter module, a fire use module, fire ecologist, fire information and education specialist, and a fire management officer who oversees the entire program. Direction is provided by the National Park Service’s Division of Fire and Aviation Management in Washington D.C. and from the NPS Intermountain Regional Office in Denver.

Zion is also responsible for overseeing the fire management operations at other parks in the Colorado Plateau area. These park units include Bryce Canyon, Capitol Reef, Cedar Breaks, Glen Canyon, Golden Spike, Pipe Springs and Timpanogas Cave.

Zion National Park is beginning an environmental assessment (EA) to evaluate the potential impacts from a proposed road rehabilitation project to improve visitor and park staff safety near the east entrance to the Zion-Mt. Carmel Tunnel. The project area includes the road corridor and vehicle pullouts from the bridge at the east entrance to the tunnel – east ¼-mile, adjacent vehicle pullouts, and the Canyon Overlook trailhead and parking area. Construction is proposed to begin in September 2006 and could take up to 3 months to complete.

This proposed project includes: overlaying the existing pavement for ¼ mile; scaling areas of overhanging rock in the road-cut near the tunnel entrance; changing an existing pullout into a parking area; placing a 4-foot curbed pedestrian walkway along the north side of the road from the new parking area to the trailhead; and reconfiguring the Canyon Overlook parking area.

Due to the rugged topography and different elevations, drastic changes in weather occur.  Temperatures change with elevation, and may vary approximately by 30°F. Check the National Weather Service forecast before any trip, but especially before entering any canyon.  The daily forecast is posted in both visitor centers.  From May to October, temperatures range from 70° to 105° F in the day and from 45° to 75° F at night.

Spring weather is very unpredictable. Stormy wet days are common, but warm, sunny weather may occur as well. Precipitation peaks in March. Summer days are hot, but mountain breezes keep evenings cool especially in lower elevation areas. Fall days are usually clear and mild; nights are often cool. Autumn color displays begin in September in the high country (Cedar Breaks, Lava Point). It is best to visit the park during spring or fall for ideal temperatures, 45° at night to 80° F in the day.

Be prepared for winter conditions November through March. Although winters are mild in Zion Canyon with temperatures often reaching above 40° F, winter storms bring light snow or rain on the ground. Very little snow falls in Zion Canyon (an average of 13 feet of snowfall), but more snow accumulates on the plateaus and mountain ranges. Winter storms often last several days and cause roads and landscapes to become icy, especially on the east side of Zion. Zion roads are plowed, except the Kolob Terrace Road, which is closed in winter. Be prepared for winter driving conditions from November through March.

Current Weather

The desert is dry. Carry enough water for everyone in your group. Drink at least one gallon per person per day. Thirst is the first symptom of dehydration; drink before you become thirsty. Headache and muscle cramps are a later symptom of dehydration. Do not drink untreated water from streams or springs! It has passed over rangeland and may be contaminated with illness-causing bacteria called giardia. Either treat the water you collect by filter, tablets, or by boiling, or carry in all the water you’ll need. Water is available at Visitor Centers, campgrounds, Zion Lodge, Grotto Picnic Area, and Temple of Sinawava.

As with all hiking, climbing, and outdoor walking activities; rangers recommend wearing sturdy hiking boots with good traction and adequate ankle support. Many of Zion’s sandstone cliffs contain loose or “rotten” rock. When hiking, stay on established trails and watch your footing, especially at overlooks and near drop-offs. Loose sand or pebbles underfoot is very slippery. Be careful of cliff edges when using cameras or binoculars. Never throw or roll rocks; there may be hikers below. Be alert for rock falls and landslides, although they rarely cause injury, they do occur frequently. Parents-watch your children.

During winter hiking, hikers should be flexible and plan to turn back if trail conditions are unsafe or falling ice is a hazard. Zion Canyon Trails usually have patchy snow, ice, or mud during winter and spring. Portions of several trails, including Emerald Pools, Weeping Rock, and Riverside Walk are hazardous when icy and may be closed because of ice falling from above. The Sand Bench and Watchman Trails are usually snow free but muddy in spots. Trails leading to higher elevations such as Observation Point and Angel’s Landing are often hazardous because of ice. High Country West Rim, Wildcat Canyon, and East Rim Trails are covered with up to three feet of snow in winter and icy or muddy in spring. Kolob Canyon Trails are snow covered most of the winter. High-country trails will be snow covered requiring skis or snowshoes. Southwest Desert Chinle Trail, Coalpits and Huber Washes are good hiking during dry weather and are the most accessible for winter hiking and backpacking.

The best conditions for climbing are from March through May and September through early November. Climbing in the summer can be extremely hot, especially on unshaded walls. Due to the nature of sandstone, climbing is not recommended for inexperienced climbers. The climbs here are high, exposed, and big wall climbs. Because of Zion’s 2,000 foot cliffs few areas are suitable for top roping. Climbing hardware and techniques used for granite are often less effective on sandstone. Sandstone is weak when wet; avoid climbing in damp areas or after rain. Afternoon thunderstorms are common in July and August. Thin wafer-like holds should not be trusted. Brush the sand off the rock before attempting delicate friction moves. Permits are not required for day climbs but are required for all overnight bivouacs. Some rock formations and routes are closed to climbing from March 1 to mid-July each year to protect nesting peregrine falcons. Some areas that are routinely closed include the Great White Throne, Cable Mountain, Court of the Patriarchs, and the Streaked Wall. Check with the Visitor Centers for current closures.

When approaching a climb use established trails to prevent further erosion of slopes. It is illegal to camp at the base of the wall or in your vehicle. White chalk causes undesirable visual impacts; add red pigment if chalk is used. Tube or bag human waste and carry it out. Do not drop your waste. Remove all old, worn rope and equipment. Gardening, the pulling of vegetation from cracks, is prohibited. Do not remove fixed pins. Make sure your climb is adequately protected by visually inspecting any preexisting bolts or fixed pins. It is illegal to use a power drill to place bolts. Never climb directly above trails where hikers may be hit by dislodged rocks.

Entering the Narrows is safest when the Virgin River is low, clear, and relatively warm. Conditions change from day to day, and are impossible to predict. Water level varies in the Narrows. Under ideal conditions, when flow is less than 70 cubic feet per second, most crossings are around knee-deep. Higher flows mean higher water, a stronger current, and may include wading in waist-deep water. Be prepared to swim. Even when the river is low, chest-deep holes are common. Check at the Zion Canyon Visitor Center for the latest weather forecast and possible advisories. Flash floods can occur at any time, but are more common in mid-summer and early fall. Remember all narrow canyons are potentially hazardous. Flash floods, cold water, and strong currents present real dangers that can be life threatening. From November through May, trips through the Narrows usually require wet or dry suits and special cold-weather preparation. Hypothermia is a real danger. By entering a narrow canyon, you are assuming a risk. Your safety is your responsibility so use adequate preparation and constant attention. Tell someone where you are going and when you’ll be back.

Watch for these signs of possible flash flooding: Sudden changes in water clarity from clear to muddy (may be accompanied by floating debris), rising water levels or stronger currents, build-up of clouds or sounds of thunder, an increasing roar of water up-canyon, and any deterioration in weather conditions. If you observe any of these signs, seek higher ground immediately. Do not try to beat a flash flood out of the canyon. Remain on high ground until conditions improve; water levels usually drop within 24 hours. If caught by flooding in an area with no high ground, try to take shelter behind a jutting fin of rock that can break the initial mass of water and debris. It may be possible to wedge yourself into a crack above water level. Even climbing a few feet may save your life.

No matter which adventure you choose to view The Narrows, wear appropriate clothing, and bring along a walking stick to maintain your balance. Sturdy footwear is essential! Hiking boots with good ankle support are best; sandals, river shoes, and bare feet are not appropriate—they result in twisted ankles and crushed toes. Even in mid-summer the Narrows is chilly. The water is cold, breezes blow steadily, and very little sunlight penetrates to the canyon floor. Although you’ll probably hike in shorts (nylon shorts are best—cotton ones will stay wet), take plenty of extra warm clothing. Clothing made of wool or synthetic fibers provide the best insulation. Waterproof your belongings! Many hikers line their packs with large plastic garbage bags. Smaller, re-sealable bags provide extra protection for cameras and other valuables.

With the increase in recreational use along Zion National Park waterways, the National Park Service has introduced a human waste disposal program for overnight users in the Narrows. An environmentally friendly human waste disposal bag, complete with use and disposal instructions, will be provided to all party members with every Narrows overnight permit. The bag is called Restop 2. It is a lightweight, sanitary way to pack out waste. The bag within a bag design and ziplock closure securely contains waste and odor, while the special blend of polymers instantly breaks down waste and turns it into a deodorized gel. The contents of the bag are safe for landfills and may be deposited in the trash. Use of this waste disposal system is strongly encouraged as a means for protecting the Virgin River.

Large groups increase impacts on the backcountry. Group size is limited to a maximum of 12 people sharing the same affiliation (school, club, scout troop, family, and friends) in the same drainage, route, or backcountry trail on the same day. This is strictly enforced; violators will be cited. Camp in designated areas or assigned campsites and out of sight and sound of trails to preserve the feeling of wilderness. Camp at least 1/4 mile from springs. Don’t dig trenches in your campsite or alter it in any way. In narrow canyons, camp above the high water mark and at least 100 feet from water wherever possible. Springs and watercourses are easily impacted and are used by wild creatures and other hikers. Campfires are not allowed anywhere in the Zion backcountry. Use a gas-fueled stove for cooking.

Remember to always use the Leave-No-Trace principles while hiking, backpacking, climbing, and camping. A good backpacking checklist is: backpack, tent with rainfly, sleeping bag and mat, camp stove, fuel, matches and fire starter, food, water or water filtering system, collapsible water container, 1-2 quart water bottle, first aid kit, repair kit, flashlight with extra batteries and bulb, topographical map, compass, GPS system, signal mirror or whistle, sunglasses, sunscreen, wide brimmed hat, insect repellent, extra medications, cooking utensils, animal proof container, garbage bags to pack out what you pack in, and multipurpose tool or knife.

Llamas, dogs, camels, and other pack animals are not allowed. Pets must be leashed (6-foot maximum) at all times. They are not allowed in the back country, public buildings, and trails–except the Pa’rus Trail. Maximum group size is six pack animals. Maximum stay in any single location is one night. Permits are required for all over night trips. Stock must be hobbled or tethered to reduce damage to vegetation. To reduce the spread of noxious and exotic weeds, all stock must be fed only certified weed-free hay one day prior to entering the backcountry and when using park trails. In areas where trails are present, stock must remain on trails. Free-trailing or loose herding is not allowed. Animals must be kept at a slow walk when passing hikers. When standing, stock must be kept at least 100 feet from drainages.

A Utah fishing license is required to fish in and out of the park.

Inquire at the Zion Visitor Center about which archeological sites are ”open” to public viewing. Don’t touch the art. Oils from your skin damage pictographs (rock paintings) and petroglyphs (rock carvings). Never deface rock art by scratching or rubbing the rock surface. It ruins irreplaceable masterpieces, and is illegal. Avoid picnicking in archeological sites, since crumbs attract rodents who may nest within the site. Make sure that you pick up and carry out all of your trash and garbage. Leave all artifacts, including small fragments of pottery and stone chips, right where you find them for others to enjoy. Out of context, artifacts cannot help us to understand the past. It is illegal to remove them. Avoid camping in or near archeological sites. Smoke from campfires stains walls and cliffs, and charcoal leaves a mess. Never use wood from archeological sites in campfires. Human waste left at archeological sites is unsightly and unsanitary. Cultural sites, even those designated as ”open” to visitors, are very fragile. Walk carefully and stay on established trails. Avoid leaning or sitting on walls and never climb on rock art panels.

Protect your skin with sunscreen. Wear light-colored clothing, a hat, and sunglasses that provide UV protection. Avoid heat exhaustion. Plan strenuous activities for mornings and evenings when it’s cooler. Brief afternoon thunderstorms are common in July and August.

Bicycles are not allowed on hiking trails or off-trail. Riding through the Zion-Mt. Carmel tunnel is prohibited; bicycles must be transported through the tunnel by motor vehicle. Cyclists must obey traffic laws. Ride defensively; automobile traffic is often heavy and drivers may be distracted by the scenery.

Adding to Zion’s beauty are the wildlife animals who call this paradise home.  You have the opportunity to enjoy 78 species of mammals, share trails with 44 reptiles and amphibians, wade with 8 species of fish, and seek out 290 species of birds during your bird watching.  Some of the birds you may spot on your trip include:  the Turkey Vulture, California Condor, Great Blue Heron, Bald Eagle, Red-Tailed Hawk, Gambel’s Quail, Sanderling Mourning Dove, Great Horned Owl, Cliff Swallow, and many more!  The park protects three endangered species: Mexican Spotted Owl, Southwest Will Flycatcher, and the Desert Tortoise; and is home for three rare species: Zion Snail (endemic), Virgin Spinedace, and Peregrine Falcon. A few other animals you might see are coyotes, stripped skunk, mountain lion, mule deer, occasional elk and desert bighorns and in rare cases, black bears and kit or red foxes.

In Zion, most danger to such creatures might usually occur just outside the park as one approaches entrance and exit points in private vehicles; driving too fast or being inattentive is never safe. While inside the park, one might view wildlife safely from a distance without the hazards that automobile traffic usually brings.

To keep the animals and yourself safe, please do not feed them—it is against the law. Wild animals become unhealthy from eating human food, and even worse, become dependant on humans as a food source. Not only is it against the law, but also unsafe. Small rodents can and will bite the hands that feed them, transmitting diseases. Larger animals, such as deer, have been known to buck or kick suddenly, causing serious injuries. The only known poisonous snake in the park is the Great Basin Rattlesnake although the Mojave Desert Sidewinder may also occur.

If an animal you are watching notices you, or changes behavior, you are probably too close. Rather that attempting to get that perfect photograph, please step back and enjoy your wildlife experience from a safe distance.

Private Non-commercial Vehicle $25.00 (7 day pass)
Individual Entry $12.00 (7 day pass)
Backcountry Permit $5.00 (One time fee)

All vehicles at or above 94″ wide (7’10″), and/or 136″ high (11’4″) require an escort for passage through the Zion Mt. Carmel Tunnel. The fee for this service is $15.00.

Backcountry Permits are available at the Zion Canyon and Kolob Canyon Visitor Centers. You must be 18 years of age or older to obtain a permit; please bring your license plate and vehicle information. Pricing is as follows: $10 for 1-2 people, $15 for 3-7 people and $20 for 8-12 people.

Campgrounds can fill up during the summer months. Arrival before noon generally ensures a campsite, except during holiday weekends. Facilities include: restrooms, drinking water, picnic tables, fire grates, and RV dump stations, but no showers; however, adjoining the park, private campgrounds with showers and hook-ups are available. Bring your firewood with you; firewood gathering is prohibited in the park. Be sure that your fire is out and cold before you leave and scatter the ashes. Please be careful with all fire. Holders of Golden Age and Golden Access Passports receive a 50% discount on all camping fees.

Lava Point Campground is free and open June through October on a first come, first served basis. The primitive campground contains 6 sites, no water, and is located one hour from the main canyon of the park. Lava Point Campground can be contacted at: 435-772-3256.

South Campground costs $16 per night and is open March through October on a first come, first served basis. You may self-register at the campground entrance. The campsite does not have hook-ups or showers. The South Campground can be contacted at: 435-772-3256.

Watchman Campground is open all year round, and requires reservations. Reservations may be made five months in advance for April 2-October 31. Costs vary by sites: Tents $16/night; Electric $18/night for RV camping; Groups, $3 per person/night (no showers); designated riverside sites are $20/night. To make a reservation at Watchman Campground call: 1-800-365-CAMP or visit http://reservations.nps.gov.

Backcountry camping is limited. To enjoy the Narrows at a more leisurely pace, some visitors choose to spend a night in the gorge. There are 12 numbered campsites, each located above the high water mark at a different spot along the route. Campsites are assigned on a first-come, first-served basis upon completion of a backcountry permit. Permits may be obtained at either visitor center, the day before the planned hike or until noon on the day the hike begins. Campsite capacity is limited, and only two sites can accommodate groups larger than six. Only one-night stays are allowed.

Dixie National Forest, Cedar Breaks National Monument, Snow Canyon State Park, Bryce Canyon National Park, Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Glen Canyon National Recreational Area, Vermillion Cliff’s National Monument, Kaibab Indian Reservation, Grand Canyon National Park and Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument are all nearby.

The closest major airport is Las Vegas International, 150 miles from the park. There is a smaller airport in St. George, UT; 46 miles (74.1 km) from the park.

The Visitor Center at the Kolob Canyon’s entrance is accessible from I-15, exit 40. I-15 passes west of the Park and connects with UT-9 and 17 to the Park. US-89 passes east and connects with UT-9 to the Park. The Zion Canyon Visitor Center is a short distance from the Park’s South Entrance adjacent to Springdale.

On May 23, 2000, Zion National Park’s Zion Canyon became car-free as it launched its environmentally friendly propane-powered shuttle system. The Zion Canyon shuttle system, which is operated and maintained by a contractor, operates daily from the beginning of April through the end of October. Shuttle service is provided along two loops: the town loop which stops at six locations in Springdale (where you may leave your car) and the park loop which stops at eight locations within the park. Transfer between the loops is made at the Zion Canyon Visitor Center. Use of the shuttles is free and visitors are able to embark and disembark as often as they wish. Standard entrance fees to the park still apply. The buses have room for backpacks, climbing gear, two bicycles, and other equipment. The first shuttle of the day departs the Zion Canyon Visitor Center at 5:45 a.m. The last shuttle of the day leaves the Temple of Sinawava at 11:00 p.m. and the Zion Lodge at 11:15 p.m.

Private vehicles are not permitted in the park from April 1 through October 31. Only the Zion Canyon Scenic Drive will be closed to private vehicles, all other roads in the park remain open to private vehicles.

Approximate Mileage from the following major cities to Zion National Park:

By Car:

Eureka, UT – 264.76 miles

Escalante, UT – 127.24 miles

Salt Lake City, UT – 308.52 miles

St. George, UT – 41.73 miles

Las Vegas, NV – 159.87 miles

Phoenix AZ – 392.32 miles

By Plane:

McCarran International Airport, NV – 167.65 miles

There is no public transportation available into the park.

Zion National Park, SR 9, Springdale, UT 84767
Visitor Information (435) 772-3256
By Fax (435) 772-3426

Map